The 2019 Nobel Prizes acknowledge scientists whose discoveries have opened up possibilities for humankind that were previously unfathomable. [ + ]

In contrast to liquid biopsies, which detect genetic mutations or other cancer-related alterations in DNA, the technology focuses on modifications to DNA known as methyl groups. [ + ]

The Tear Film Imager can be used in an ophthalmology or optometry setting to image the tear film and distinguish its inner layers with nanometre resolution. [ + ]

Researchers have shown that a child's intake of gluten at age 18 months is associated with a 46% increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes for each extra 10 g of gluten consumed per day. [ + ]

The novel small molecules are said to be different to existing antibiotics, demonstrating more effective inhibition of bacterial growth — with no toxicity to human cells. [ + ]

Imaging the brain's activity in various states is important to get a more accurate picture of how depression manifests in a particular patient. [ + ]

Scientists have identified the brain mechanism linking chronic pain and depression in rats — a breakthrough that could potentially lead to new treatments for both conditions. [ + ]

The Gold Coast Biobank has accumulated over 10,000 biospecimens that are available for research purposes. [ + ]

Researchers have discovered a potential drug target for Alzheimer's disease — an enzyme which has effects on both the immune and nervous systems. [ + ]

Researchers have found that a deadly, antibiotic-resistant bacterium can be sterilised by hijacking its haem acquisition system, which is essential for its survival. [ + ]

Oncimmune's EarlyCDT Lung test has been found to reduce the incidence of patients with late-stage lung cancer at diagnosis, compared with standard clinical diagnosis. [ + ]

Thirteen Australian institutions have received Athena SWAN Institutional Bronze Awards as part of the Science in Australia Gender Equity (SAGE) initiative. [ + ]

Tested on both mice and guinea pigs, the immunisation was found to lead to mostly sterilising immunity from the virus — the strongest type of immunity. [ + ]

The investment will see the Australian Space Agency foster the new ideas and high-tech skilled jobs that should make Australian businesses a partner of choice to fit out NASA missions. [ + ]

The method could lead to clinicians being able to rapidly detect whether an infection is treatable with common antibiotics, reserving stronger alternatives for the patients that need them most. [ + ]